What makes a community leader?
Putting together the pieces that make a successful leader
By Tom Gallagher
Director, Ford Institute
for Community Building
Much leadership —in business, government, the military —is top down. Community leadership is, well, sideways, as there is no power difference between leader and follower. There is just a relationship between one person taking on a leadership role and the other being willing to follow. If the leader doesn’t do a good job, the follower can walk away.
So, what is a “good job”? I’ve met more than 1,500 participants of our leadership classes, and they’ve modeled a number of characteristics of a “good job.” I’ll use a fictitious “Sue” to describe six characteristics that stand out for me.
Sustains a positive attitude. What is most obvious is that Sue takes a glass-half-full approach. She doesn’t deny there are issues but she doesn’t dwell on them either. She looks to what has gone right and why (appreciative inquiry) and to finding and using community resources (asset mapping) to move forward. She recognizes that being a critic, however loud and articulate, isn’t leadership. Sue surrounds herself with a network of other positive people who help get things done.
Helps build a compelling vision. Sue has a personal vision for her town, but she also recognizes that a vision can only be implemented if shared by others. Her vision isn’t a “one right way” but is a way to start a conversation about a shared future. She knows that it is necessary to involve the diverse voices of the community so the vision gets implemented.
Sets group norms. Sue models and, when necessary, articulates group norms such as listening and encouraging everyone to speak. Her norms sustain civility during difficult conversations. She truly cares what others think and doesn’t permit sarcasm or “zingers.” She doesn’t feel threatened by others and is always open to learning something new.
Finds common ground. Most communities are divided on one or more issues, and Sue strives to find common ground. She helps uncover the underlying assumptions and values of the issue, then she uses them to identify shared interests that build a bridge between sides. Sue recognizes that it is easy and often self-serving to polarize an issue. She knows it is much more honest and productive to set positions aside and explore what is possible.
Mentors others. Sue has had considerable experience in leadership, and it comes naturally for her to be a leader for projects. She recognizes, however, that other potential leaders would benefit from mentoring. Sue plays a behind-the-scenes role, permitting a whole new cadre of community leaders to grow. This cadre — from youth to seniors — gives Sue a positive group of peers who help share the many leadership roles in their community.
Has a sense of proportion. Sue responds to the many “crises” of her community with a measured, restrained response. Her calmness brings a reality check to issues that avoids blaming and divisiveness, and the too-quick response that can follow.
Sue has many other skills (such as running a good meeting and helping a group stay on task) and perspectives (such as being patient about change) that help her serve as a community leader. Taken together, Sue is a “servant leader” — one who leads by helping others lead.
As I write about Sue I wonder to what level I express these characteristics. I think I do pretty well for a while but then catch myself “messing up,” such as using sarcasm (humor meant to hurt) or creating a grand plan without involving others. One of the great pleasures of this job is being around so many good role models.
The six characteristics above are those that stand out for me. They have a fundamental effect on leadership by creating a climate of trust. Without trust there cannot be a relationship that binds leader and follower to an agreement to work together.
Community leadership is not top-down, nor is it bottoms-up. Rather it is side by side — leader and follower pulling together as a team. It is this power, in organizations and collaborations, which we think is fundamental to rural community vitality.